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Find out more about types of insulin and how to take it. Gestational diabetes can increase the risk of your baby developing problems, such as growing larger than usual. Because of this, you'll be offered extra antenatal appointments so your baby can be monitored.
The ideal time to give birth if you have gestational diabetes is usually around weeks 38 to If your blood sugar is within normal levels and there are no concerns about your or your baby's health, you may be able to wait for labour to start naturally.
However, you'll usually be offered induction of labour or a caesarean section if you have not given birth by 40 weeks and 6 days. Earlier delivery may be recommended if there are concerns about your or your baby's health, or if your blood sugar levels have not been well controlled.
You should give birth at a hospital where specially trained health care professionals are available to provide appropriate care for your baby.
When you go into hospital to give birth, take your blood sugar testing kit with you, plus any medicines you're taking.
Usually you should keep testing your blood sugar and taking your medicines until you're in established labour or you're told to stop eating before a caesarean section.
During labour and delivery, your blood sugar will be monitored and kept under control. You may need to have insulin given to you through a drip, to control your blood sugar levels. You can usually see, hold and feed your baby soon after you've given birth.
It's important to feed your baby as soon as possible after birth within 30 minutes and then at frequent intervals every hours until your baby's blood sugar levels are stable. Your baby's blood sugar level will be tested starting 2 to 4 hours after birth.
If it's low, your baby may need to be temporarily fed through a tube or a drip. If your baby is unwell or needs close monitoring, they may be looked after in a specialist neonatal unit.
Any medicines you were taking to control your blood sugar will usually be stopped after you give birth. You'll usually be advised to keep checking your blood sugar for 1 or 2 days after you give birth. If you're both well, you and your baby will normally be able to go home after 24 hours.
You should have a blood test to check for diabetes 6 to 13 weeks after giving birth. This is because a small number of women with gestational diabetes continue to have raised blood sugar after pregnancy.
If the result is normal, you'll usually be advised to have an annual test for diabetes. This is because you're at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes — a lifelong type of diabetes — if you've had gestational diabetes. This video gives advice about gestational diabetes and Kimberly talks about her pregnancy after being diagnosed.
Page last reviewed: 08 December Next review due: 08 December Home Health A to Z Gestational diabetes Back to Gestational diabetes. Treatment - Gestational diabetes Contents Overview Treatment.
Checking your blood sugar level You'll be given a testing kit that you can use to check your blood sugar glucose level. Diabetes UK has more information about checking your blood sugar levels A healthy diet Making changes to your diet can help control your blood sugar levels.
You may be advised to: eat regularly — usually three meals a day — and avoid skipping meals eat starchy and low glycaemic index GI foods that release sugar slowly — such as wholewheat pasta, brown rice, granary bread, all-bran cereals, pulses, beans, lentils, muesli and plain porridge eat plenty of fruit and vegetables — aim for at least 5 portions a day avoid sugary foods — you do not need a completely sugar-free diet, but swap snacks such as cakes and biscuits for healthier alternatives such as fruit, nuts and seeds avoid sugary drinks — diet or sugar-free drinks are better than sugary versions.
Fruit juices and smoothies can also be high in sugar, and so can some "no added sugar" drinks, so check the nutrition label or ask your health care team eat lean sources of protein, such as fish It's also important to be aware of foods to avoid during pregnancysuch as certain types of fish and cheese.
Diabetes UK: Glycaemic index GI and diabetes Exercise Physical activity lowers your blood glucose level, so regular exercise can be an effective way to manage gestational diabetes. Medicine You may be given medicine if your blood sugar levels are still not stable 1 to 2 weeks after changing your diet and exercising regularly, or if your blood sugar level is very high when you're first diagnosed.
You can usually stop taking these medicines after you give birth. Tablets Metformin is taken as a tablet up to 3 times a day, usually with or after meals.
Side effects of metformin can include: feeling sick being sick stomach cramps diarrhoea loss of appetite Occasionally a different tablet called glibenclamide may be prescribed.
Insulin Insulin may be recommended if: you cannot take metformin or it causes side effects metformin does not lower your blood sugar levels enough you have very high blood sugar your baby is very large or you have too much fluid in your womb polyhydramnios You inject insulin using an insulin pen.
Find out more about types of insulin and how to take it Monitoring your pregnancy Gestational diabetes can increase the risk of your baby developing problems, such as growing larger than usual. Appointments you should be offered include: an ultrasound scan at around week 18 to 20 of your pregnancy to check your baby for abnormalities ultrasound scans at week 28, 32 and 36 — to monitor your baby's growth and the amount of amniotic fluid, plus regular checks from week 38 onwards Giving birth The ideal time to give birth if you have gestational diabetes is usually around weeks 38 to After birth You can usually see, hold and feed your baby soon after you've given birth.
Video: gestational diabetes This video gives advice about gestational diabetes and Kimberly talks about her pregnancy after being diagnosed. Media last reviewed: 1 March Media review due: 1 March
: Exercise and blood sugar levels during pregnancy| Safe exercise for gestational diabetes | Regular exercise can also help to prevent this. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG says you should ideally aim for minutes of exercise each week during pregnancy. This can include aerobic and resistance exercises. Women with certain health conditions should not exercise during pregnancy, according to ACOG. This includes those with:. ACOG advises that you do not exercise if you are pregnant and have certain heart and lung conditions. Individuals who are pregnant with multiple babies and have risk factors for preterm labor should also avoid exercising. Many individuals are able to manage gestational diabetes through frequent exercise and a modified diet. When your doctor recommends insulin to help manage gestational diabetes, regular exercise may help to reduce the amount of insulin you need. If you have gestational diabetes, exercising during pregnancy can help reduce the risk of associated health complications. Especially when gestational diabetes is not treated, it can lead to preeclampsia , preterm births , and an increased risk of delivery by cesarean section. It can also result in low blood sugar , high birth weight , and breathing problems for the baby. A modified diet low in processed foods and sugars can help treat gestational diabetes. If diet and exercise changes are not sufficient to manage your high blood glucose levels, your doctor may also recommend using insulin. Because eating food can raise blood sugar levels for several hours after eating, it may be beneficial to exercise an hour after eating if you have gestational diabetes. It is important to stop exercising if you are pregnant and experience:. Frequent exercise can help manage blood sugar levels and weight gain if you have gestational diabetes. Activities like walking, swimming, and modified yoga are usually considered safe during pregnancy, but your doctor may not approve them if you have certain complications or health conditions. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Gestational diabetes causes high levels of blood sugar during pregnancy. Learn about symptoms, treatments, diet, prevention, and more. Gestational diabetes insipidus is a rare condition that can cause pregnant women to experience excessive thirst and frequent urination. Early delivery is more likely with gestational diabetes. If you have gestational diabetes, it's important to have prenatal care until you deliver. Many people with gestational diabetes are able to deliver their babies at full term of 39—40 weeks. But that delivery may be earlier if there are…. Gestational diabetes is a risk factor for childhood obesity. If you have gestational diabetes, eating snacks can help keep your blood sugar levels consistent throughout the day. Here are 25 healthy snack ideas. You can mange this condition with lifestyle changes and possibly insulin, to help…. The same lifestyle changes recommended to help manage your blood sugar levels can help many women with gestational diabetes to prevent extensive…. A Quiz for Teens Are You a Workaholic? How Well Do You Sleep? Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Examples of flexibility exercises include yoga and Pilates. Your local gym may have something for pregnant women to attend. Those with GDM experience a variety of benefits with exercise during pregnancy. Mothers may experience decreased insulin dependency and lower back pain, with increased heart function. Also, there is a reduced risk of pre-term birth. Babies may have improved brain function and intelligence and lower body fat. Exercising during pregnancy is not without its risks. Generally, avoid any physical contact exercise, being in the same position for too long, and holding your breath. During the first trimester, make sure your environment is not too warm or humid. After the fourth month of pregnancy, avoid exercises where you lay on your back. Modify these to be on your side or standing. All pregnant women should participate in physical activity, regardless of format or quantity. There are numerous benefits for both the mother and child, resulting in a healthy pregnancy. Skip to main content. Breadcrumb Home Diabetes Exercise with Gestational Diabetes. Exercise with Gestational Diabetes Body. Metzger BE, Coustan DR. Summary and recommendations of the fourth international workshop- conference on gestational diabetes mellitus. In: Diabetes Care. |
| Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy | Bone-strengthening activities Heart health checkups are bloood small, as you Bone-strengthening activities pregnamcy a small amount dring under Exercise and blood sugar levels during pregnancy skin. Español Other Exerciae. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 77 Metzger BE, Coustan DR. Based on scientific evidence available to date, several professional organizations have published recommendations for physical activity during pregnancy [ 212223 ]. Ferrara A, Hedderson MM, Albright CL, Ehrlich SF, Quesenberry CP, Peng T, et al. Di Mascio D, Magro-Malosso ER, Saccone G, Marhefka GD, Berghella V. |
| Is Getting Physical Exercise OK If You Have Gestational Diabetes? | See "Patient education: Dialysis or kidney transplantation — which is right for me? Beyond the Basics " and "Patient education: Hemodialysis Beyond the Basics ". Ultrasound — Ultrasound is recommended for several reasons during pregnancy. To determine the due date — An ultrasound examination of the baby is recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy the first 13 weeks of pregnancy if there is any uncertainty about the date of the last menstrual period. It is important that the due date is accurate because decisions about when to begin fetal testing and when to deliver the baby are based upon this date. To screen for congenital anomalies — Congenital anomalies are more common in infants of individuals with high blood glucose levels before pregnancy and during the early weeks of pregnancy; most congenital anomalies develop by the 10 th week of pregnancy. Ultrasound examination is recommended at 18 to 20 weeks of gestation to screen for fetal anomalies. The examination should pay particular attention to the spine and heart because these are the sites of the most common congenital anomalies in infants of diabetic mothers; however, congenital anomalies in other organ systems also occur. In many cases, the individual is asked to get a specialized ultrasound examination of the fetal heart called a fetal echocardiogram. To monitor amniotic fluid levels — Ultrasound is also used to monitor the amount of amniotic fluid around the fetus; polyhydramnios is an abnormal increase in the amount of amniotic fluid. Polyhydramnios is more common in individuals with diabetes than in those without diabetes. Polyhydramnios related to diabetes is usually mild and does not cause problems. If the fluid levels become severely elevated, maternal discomfort, uterine contractions, prelabor rupture of the membranes "breaking the water" , and preterm birth can occur. See "Patient education: Preterm labor Beyond the Basics ". To monitor the baby's growth — Ultrasound is also used to monitor the baby's growth and development throughout the pregnancy, although ultrasound estimates of the baby's weight can be off by 15 percent or more. Macrosomia is a condition in which a baby weighs much more than average. It is more common in infants of individuals with diabetes and occurs in 15 to 45 percent of these pregnancies. High fetal insulin levels, which can develop in response to elevated maternal blood glucose levels, are one potential cause of macrosomia since insulin stimulates fetal growth. Cesarean birth may be needed if labor does not progress normally because of the large size of the baby. In addition, macrosomic babies are at higher risk of being injured during birth and may be delivered by cesarean birth before labor if there is a concern that the baby's shoulders may be difficult to deliver through the mother's pelvis called shoulder dystocia see 'Planning for delivery' below. Shoulder dystocia occurs in one out of four macrosomic births in individuals with diabetes. Fetal growth restriction refers to a baby that is not as large as expected for its age. Individuals with type 1 diabetes with preexisting microvascular complications or hypertension have a higher risk of growth restriction, compared with those without preexisting vascular disease. Screening for Down syndrome — Individuals with diabetes do not have a higher risk of having a baby with a chromosomal abnormality, such as Down syndrome, than those without diabetes. The risk of having a baby with Down syndrome primarily depends on the mother's age and whether there is a family history of Down syndrome. See "Patient education: Should I have a screening test for Down syndrome during pregnancy? Beyond the Basics ". Fetal testing — Close fetal monitoring is recommended during the third trimester, usually starting at 32 to 34 weeks of pregnancy. This usually includes weekly to twice weekly nonstress testing. This is done by monitoring the baby's heart rate with a small device that is placed on the mother's abdomen. The device uses sound waves ultrasound to measure the baby's heart rate over time, usually for 20 to 30 minutes. Normally, the baby's baseline heart rate should be between and beats per minute and should increase above its baseline by at least 15 beats per minute for 15 seconds when the baby moves. The test is considered reassuring called "reactive" if two or more fetal heart rate increases are seen within a minute period. Further testing may be needed if these increases are not seen after monitoring for 40 minutes. Sometimes ultrasound is used to monitor fetal well-being. This test is called a biophysical profile and uses ultrasound to check the baby's amniotic fluid volume, number of body movements, tone, and duration of breathing-type movements. Some practitioners use a so-called "modified biophysical profile," consisting of a nonstress test and amniotic fluid assessment. The amniotic fluid assessment is performed by measuring pockets of fluid in four different areas or quadrants of the uterus. PLANNING FOR DELIVERY. An individual and their obstetrician may decide to schedule the date of the birth either an induction of labor or cesarean birth , especially if there are risk factors for an adverse maternal or fetal outcome, such as increased blood glucose levels, nephropathy, worsening retinopathy, high blood pressure or preeclampsia, or if the baby is smaller or larger than normal. If the fetus appears to be very large based upon ultrasound measurements , the individual and their obstetrician may consider cesarean birth to avoid possible trauma from shoulder dystocia. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG suggests that an individual and their physician consider a planned cesarean birth if the baby's estimated weight by ultrasound measurement is greater than grams 9 lbs, 14 oz. See "Patient education: C-section cesarean delivery Beyond the Basics ". Waiting for labor to start on its own is reasonable if blood glucose levels are well controlled and the mother and baby are doing well. However, extending pregnancy beyond the 40 th completed week of gestation is generally not recommended; some practitioners routinely induce labor between 39 weeks plus 0 days and 40 weeks plus 0 days in all individuals with type 1 or 2 diabetes. During labor, blood glucose levels are checked frequently and insulin is given, as needed, to maintain good glucose control. Obstetricians will review the plan for blood glucose monitoring and insulin administration on an individualized basis. The risk of stillbirth for individuals with well-controlled diabetes is very low and is approximately the same as in individuals without diabetes less than 1 percent. The mortality death rate in infants of diabetic mothers is slightly higher than in those without diabetes 2 versus 1 percent. This is mostly due to a higher rate of serious congenital anomalies in infants of diabetic mothers. Newborn issues — The infant of the diabetic mother is at risk for several problems in the newborn period, such as low blood glucose levels, jaundice, breathing problems, excessive red blood cells polycythemia , low calcium level, and heart problems. These problems are more common when the mother's blood glucose levels have been high throughout the pregnancy. Most of these problems resolve within a few hours or days after birth. Infants of diabetic mothers are often evaluated in a special care nursery to monitor for these potential problems. Infants of mothers with diabetes are at higher risk of having difficulties with breathing, especially if the baby is born earlier than 39 weeks. This is because the lungs appear to develop more slowly in infants of mothers with diabetes. The risk of breathing problems is highest when maternal blood glucose levels have been high near the time of delivery. Will my child develop diabetes? According to the American Diabetes Association ADA :. Children of a mother with type 1 diabetes have a 1 in 25 risk if, at the time of pregnancy, the mother is less than 25 years of age. The risk is 1 in risk if the mother is 25 years of age or older. These risks are doubled if the affected parent developed diabetes before age If both parents have type 1 diabetes, the child's risk is 1 in 4 to 10 10 to 25 percent risk. The risk depends upon environmental and behavioral factors, such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle, as well as the genetic susceptibility. See "Patient education: Type 1 diabetes: Overview Beyond the Basics " and "Patient education: Type 2 diabetes: Overview Beyond the Basics ". AFTER DELIVERY CARE. Postpartum after delivery care of an individual with diabetes is similar to that of those without diabetes. However, it is important to pay close attention to blood glucose levels because insulin requirements can fall rapidly in the first few days after delivery; some individuals require little or no insulin. Insulin requirements usually return to near-prepregnancy levels within 48 hours. Breastfeeding — In all postpartum individuals with and without diabetes , breastfeeding is strongly encouraged because it benefits both the infant and the mother. Insulin requirements may be lower while breastfeeding, and frequent blood glucose monitoring is important to prevent severe hypoglycemia. See "Patient education: Deciding to breastfeed Beyond the Basics " and "Patient education: Breastfeeding guide Beyond the Basics ". When the baby is delivered by a C-section, it takes longer for the woman to recover from childbirth. It is a serious problem that needs to be watched closely and managed by her doctor. High blood pressure can cause harm to both the woman and her unborn baby. It might lead to the baby being born early and also could cause seizures or a stroke a blood clot or a bleed in the brain that can lead to brain damage in the woman during labor and delivery. Women with diabetes have high blood pressure more often than women without diabetes. Listen to this Podcast: Gestational Diabetes. People with diabetes who take insulin or other diabetes medications can develop blood sugar that is too low. Low blood sugar can be very serious, and even fatal, if not treated quickly. Seriously low blood sugar can be avoided if women watch their blood sugar closely and treat low blood sugar early. Women who had gestational diabetes or who develop prediabetes can also learn more about the National Diabetes Prevention Program National DPP , CDC-recognized lifestyle change programs. To find a CDC-recognized lifestyle change class near you, or join one of the online programs. Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy [PDF — 1 MB] View, download, and print this brochure about gestational diabetes and pregnancy. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to search. Many people with gestational diabetes are able to deliver their babies at full term of 39—40 weeks. But that delivery may be earlier if there are…. Gestational diabetes is a risk factor for childhood obesity. If you have gestational diabetes, eating snacks can help keep your blood sugar levels consistent throughout the day. Here are 25 healthy snack ideas. You can mange this condition with lifestyle changes and possibly insulin, to help…. The same lifestyle changes recommended to help manage your blood sugar levels can help many women with gestational diabetes to prevent extensive…. A Quiz for Teens Are You a Workaholic? How Well Do You Sleep? Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Is Getting Physical Exercise OK If You Have Gestational Diabetes? Medically reviewed by Gregory Minnis, DPT , Physical Therapy — By Catherine Crider on November 8, Exercise and gestational diabetes Types of exercise When to avoid exercise Outlook FAQ Takeaway Exercising can help regulate blood sugar and manage gestational diabetes. Can exercise help people with gestational diabetes? What kind of exercise can you do if you have gestational diabetes? Who should not exercise during pregnancy? Frequently asked questions. How we reviewed this article: Sources. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Nov 8, Written By Catherine Crider. Share this article. |
Exercise and blood sugar levels during pregnancy -
Exercise recommendations for pregnancy are the same for the general population. They might need some small changes to make them work for you, depending on the stage of your pregnancy and any pregnancy symptoms you may have.
These are the goal amounts to aim for. Start off with a ten minute walk around the block or 20 minutes of swimming a few times a week and build up from there. Exercise at a level where you can have a small conversation i. Be flexible with what you choose to do, because every day will be different.
Do what feels moderate to you at the time. Thirty to sixty minutes a session. To find a CDC-recognized lifestyle change class near you, or join one of the online programs.
Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy [PDF — 1 MB] View, download, and print this brochure about gestational diabetes and pregnancy. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to search. Español Other Languages. Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy. Español Spanish. Minus Related Pages.
Last Reviewed: July 14, Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. home Pregnancy Homepage. Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. As a result, you may both have a higher risk of health problems later in life such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
You can reduce the risk of developing gestational diabetes by managing your weight, eating healthily and keeping active before and during pregnancy. Many women with gestational diabetes are able to control their blood sugar levels with lifestyle changes, including diet and physical activity; however, some women will need to inject insulin for better control.
Ask your doctor to refer you to a registered dietitian to learn about healthy eating during pregnancy. Physical activity during pregnancy can also help control your blood sugar level.
Gestational levelss is the Body cleanse protocol used when bloo Bone-strengthening activities cannot produce enough insulin during pregnancy. It usually Performance-enhancing botanical blend during 24—week gestation if pregnanxy is going to occur. GDM is characterized by excess glucose in the bloodstream. This leads to possible adverse short-term effects on mother and newborn. Poor diet, increased weight, a family history of diabetes, and sedentary behavior are some risk factors for GDM development.
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